Archives of Current Research International

Phytoremediation, an eco-friendly and cost-effective technology, employs plants to remove, stabilize, or degrade contaminants from soil and water systems. However, its efficiency is often constrained by poor plant growth and limited bioavailability of pollutants. The integration of organic amendments such as compost, biochar, farmyard manure, vermicompost, and green manure has emerged as a promising approach to enhance phytoremediation potential. These amendments improve soil physicochemical properties, increase microbial activity, and alter contaminant mobility through chelation, adsorption, and redox reactions. Recent studies have demonstrated that organic inputs can enhance plant biomass, root proliferation, and enzymatic activity, thereby accelerating the uptake or immobilization of heavy metals and organic pollutants. Despite these advantages, challenges remain regarding the inconsistent performance across soil types, potential release of secondary pollutants, and long-term stability of immobilized contaminants. This review examines the mechanisms through which organic amendments influence phytoremediation, highlights their synergistic effects with different plant species, and discusses key limitations and research gaps. A better understanding of amendment–soil–plant interactions will facilitate the development of sustainable remediation strategies for contaminated environments.