Archives of Current Research International

A comprehensive trend analysis of annual rainfall and temperature was conducted across ten districts representing diverse agro-climatic zones of Rajasthan, India, for the period 1991–2022. The study employed the Mann-Kendall test along with Sen’s slope estimator at a 10 per cent significance level to identify climatic variations. Results revealed both upward and downward trends in rainfall and temperature across the districts. Among them, Banswara recorded the highest mean annual rainfall (954.86 mm), followed by Kota (814.17 mm), Udaipur (690.09 mm), and Bharatpur (621.86 mm). While most districts showed an increase in rainfall between 1991–2000 and 2011–2022, declines were noted in Banswara (–35.18 mm), Jaipur (–18.98 mm), and Bharatpur (–7.04 mm). Pre-monsoon rainfall decreased in Banswara (–3 mm) and Kota (–2.94 mm), whereas Sikar (26.13 mm) and Bharatpur (23.55 mm) experienced the largest increases. Udaipur exhibited a statistically significant upward rainfall trend, with a Mann-Kendall value of 2.708 and Sen’s slope of 9.452 mm per year. Temperature analysis highlighted Sri-Ganganagar as the district with the highest annual maximum mean temperature (48.08 °C), while Banswara recorded the lowest annual minimum mean temperature (6.51 °C). Sri-Ganganagar showed a significant decline in maximum temperature trends, with a Mann-Kendall statistic of –1.589 and Sen’s slope of –0.020. Similarly, Bharatpur displayed a significant reduction in minimum temperature, with a Mann-Kendall value of –1.346 and Sen’s slope of –0.034. These findings emphasize the critical role of spatial and temporal climate variability in shaping agricultural planning and adaptation strategies, underscoring the need for region-specific approaches to sustain farming systems in Rajasthan.