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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a key staple crop supporting food security and livelihoods in India, where productivity is influenced not only by agronomic factors but also by farmers’ socio-economic conditions. Understanding the socio-economic characteristics of rice growers is essential to identify constraints and improve productivity through better adoption of modern agricultural practices and extension services. The aim of the study is to assess the socio-economic characteristics of rice growers and to analyze how these factors influence rice productivity.  The present study was conducted in the Karnal district of Haryana during the year 2023-24. The primary data were collected from 150 respondents using the personal interview method with a structured interview schedule. The data were coded, organized into tables, and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. After the analysis of the data, it was observed that, majority (49.30 %) of the rice growers belonged to medium age group category, 66.00 % had land holding up to 12 acres , 27.30 % had educational qualification upto intermediate, 40.70 % had farming as their main occupation, 34.70 % had annual income above Rs 3,50,000, 53.30 % respondents had up to 5 members as their family size, 56.70 % had medium level of economic motivation, 58.70 % had medium level of innovative proneness, 52.70 % had medium extension participation, 60.70 % had medium level of sources of information. Notably, a large majority (92.67%) were not affiliated with any organization. According to the findings, farmers' socioeconomic standing can be improved by increasing their education, social involvement, and information sources in addition to providing technical knowledge about rice-growing techniques. This study helps policymakers and extension workers focus on improving farmers’ education, social involvement, and access to information, which can enhance their decision-making and adoption of better farming practices.