Effects of Fish Waste Silage Supplemented Diet on Growth, Haematology, Carcass and Water Quality Parameters of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fingerlings
Manish Kumar
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Dushyant Kumar Damle *
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Jham Lal *
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Saiprasad Bhusare
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Rakesh Nirmalkar
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Narendra Singh Bhardwaj
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Sujata Singh
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Komal Prasad Sahu
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Kamna Lahre
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Vishal Sakar
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
Nitesh Kumar Chandravanshi
Late Shri Punaram Nishad College of Fisheries, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh-491995, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of fish waste silage supplementation on growth performance, haematological parameters, carcass composition and water quality in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Four experimental diets were prepared with different inclusion levels of fish waste silage: the T0 control diet without silage, T1, containing 0.5 g silage, T2, containing 1.0 g silage and T3, containing 1.5 g silage per 100 g feed mixture. The diets were formulated to contain approximately 25% crude protein. A total of 120 fingerlings were distributed into four treatment groups with three replicates, with each replicate containing 10 fingerlings, and were fed for 60 days. Growth performance, feed utilisation, haematological indices, carcass composition and selected water quality parameters were recorded during or at the end of the experiment. The proximate composition of the experimental feeds showed crude protein values ranging from 25.00±0.020% in the T0 group to 25.75±0.020% in the T3 group. The highest weight gain, percentage weight gain, the most favourable feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, hepatosomatic index and intestinal somatic index were recorded in the T3 group. Haematological observations showed variation among treatments, with higher white blood cell count and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration in the T3 group, whereas red blood cell count, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and haematocrit were higher in the T0 group. Carcass protein and lipid contents were highest in the T3 group, while moisture, ash and nitrogen-free extract were higher in the T0 group. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, hardness and alkalinity remained within acceptable ranges during the experiment. The results indicate that fish waste silage at 1.5 g inclusion may support growth and feed utilisation in Nile tilapia fingerlings under the present experimental conditions.
Keywords: Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fish waste silage, feed supplementation, growth performance, haematology, carcass composition, water quality, feed conversion ratio, sustainable aquaculture